The Historical Evolution of Visual Communication in Two-Dimensional Media

Abstract

This article explores the historical evolution of visual communication in two-dimensional media, from prehistoric times to the emergence of graphic design as a profession in the twentieth century. Central to this analysis is the concept of format space as the foundation of visual composition. Since its origins in prehistoric art, format space has progressively established communicative functions that—beyond magical or religious purposes—constitute alternative forms of communication reflecting the development of civilization. The qualitative improvements in the use of format space have paralleled advancements in socio-political and economic organization, where its external boundaries symbolize territorial control, and its internal structure conveys an awareness of social hierarchies and relations of production.